NR 440.45(5)(b)
(b) Any owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section shall install, calibrate, maintain and operate the following continuous monitoring devices:
NR 440.45(5)(b)1.
1. For any incinerator, a monitoring device which measures the combustion temperature at the point of incineration of effluent gases which are emitted from any digester system, brown stock washer system, multiple-effect evaporator system, black liquor oxidation system or condensate stripper system where the provisions of
sub. (4) (a) 1. c. apply. The monitoring device shall be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within
" one percent of the temperature being measured.
NR 440.45(5)(b)2.
2. For any lime kiln or smelt dissolving tank using a scrubber emission control device:
NR 440.45(5)(b)2.a.
a. A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the pressure loss of the gas stream through the control equipment. The monitoring device shall be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate to within a gauge pressure of
" 500 pascals (ca. 2 inches water gauge pressure).
NR 440.45(5)(b)2.b.
b. A monitoring device for the continuous measurement of the scrubbing liquid supply pressure to the control equipment. The monitoring device shall be certified by the manufacturer to be accurate within
" 15% of design scrubbing liquid supply pressure. The pressure sensor or tap shall be located close to the scrubber liquid discharge point. The department may approve alternative locations.
NR 440.45(5)(c)
(c) Any owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section shall, except where the provisions of
sub. (4) (a) 1. d. or
4. apply, perform the following:
NR 440.45(5)(c)1.
1. Calculate and record on a daily basis 12-hour average TRS concentrations for the 2 consecutive periods of each operating day. Each 12-hour average shall be determined as the arithmetic mean of the appropriate 12 contiguous one-hour average total reduced sulfur concentrations provided by each continuous monitoring system installed under
par. (a) 2.
NR 440.45(5)(c)2.
2. Calculate and record on a daily basis 12-hour average oxygen concentrations for the 2 consecutive periods of each operating day for the recovery furnace and lime kiln. These 12-hour averages shall correspond to the 12-hour average TRS concentrations under
subd. 1. and shall be determined as an arithmetic mean of the appropriate 12 contiguous one-hour average oxygen concentrations provided by each continuous monitoring system installed under
par. (a) 2.
NR 440.45(5)(c)3.
3. Using the following equation, correct all 12-hour average TRS concentrations to 10 volume percent oxygen, except that all 12-hour average TRS concentrations from a recovery furnace shall be corrected to 8 volume percent oxygen instead of 10%, and all 12-hour average TRS concentrations from a facility to which the provisions of
sub. (4) (a) 1. e. apply may not be corrected for oxygen content:
Ccorr = Cmeas
(21 - X)/(21 - Y)
where:
Ccorr is the concentration corrected for oxygen
Cmeas is the concentration uncorrected for oxygen
X is the volumetric oxygen concentration in percentage to be corrected to (8% for recovery furnaces and 10% for lime kilns, incinerators, or other devices)
Y is the measured 12-hour average volumetric oxygen concentration
NR 440.45(5)(c)4.
4. Record once per shift measurements obtained from the continuous monitoring devices installed under
par. (b) 2.
NR 440.45(5)(d)
(d) For the purpose of reports required under
s. NR 440.07 (3), any owner or operator subject to the provisions of this section shall report semiannually periods of excess emissions as follows:
NR 440.45(5)(d)1.
1. For emission from any recovery furnace, periods of excess emissions are:
NR 440.45(5)(d)1.a.
a. All 12-hour average TRS concentrations above 5 ppm by volume for straight kraft recovery furnaces and above 25 ppm by volume for cross recovery furnaces.
NR 440.45(5)(d)2.
2. For emissions from any lime kiln, periods of excess emissions are all 12-hour average TRS concentration above 8 ppm by volume.
NR 440.45(5)(d)3.
3. For emissions from any digester system, brown stock washer system, multiple-effect evaporator system or condensate stripper system, period of excess emissions are:
NR 440.45(5)(d)3.b.
b. All periods in excess of 5 minutes and their duration during which the combustion temperature at the point of incineration is less than 650
° C (1200
° F) where the provisions of
sub. (4) (a) 1. c. apply.
NR 440.45(5)(e)
(e) The department may not consider periods of excess emissions reported under
par. (d) to be indicative of a violation of
s. NR 440.11 (4), provided that:
NR 440.45(5)(e)1.
1. The percent of the total number of possible contiguous periods of excess emissions in a quarter (excluding periods of startup, shutdown, or malfunction and periods when the facility is not operating) during which excess emissions occur does not exceed:
NR 440.45(5)(e)2.
2. The department determines that the affected facility, including air pollution control equipment, is maintained and operated in a manner which is consistent with good air pollution control practice for minimizing emissions during periods of excess emissions.
NR 440.45(5)(f)
(f) The procedures under
s. NR 440.13 shall be followed for installation, evaluation and operation of the continuous monitoring systems required under this subsection.
NR 440.45(5)(f)1.
1. All continuous monitoring systems shall be operated in accordance with the applicable procedures under Performance Specifications 1, 3 and 5 of
40 CFR part 60, Appendix B, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17 (1).
NR 440.45(6)(a)(a) In conducting the performance tests required in
s. NR 440.08, the owner or operator shall use as reference methods and procedures the test methods in Appendix A of
40 CFR part 60, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17, or other methods and procedures in this subsection, except as provided in
s. NR 440.08 (2). Acceptable alternative methods and procedures are given in
par. (f).
NR 440.45(6)(b)
(b) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standards in
sub. (3) (a) 1. and
3. as follows:
NR 440.45(6)(b)1.
1. Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration. The sampling time and sample volume for each run shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.90 dscm (31.8 dscf). Water shall be used as the cleanup solvent instead of acetone in the sample recovery procedure. The particulate concentration shall be corrected to the appropriate oxygen concentration according to
sub. (5) (c) 3.
NR 440.45(6)(b)2.
2. The emission rate correction factor, integrated sampling and analysis procedure of Method 3B shall be used to determine the oxygen concentration. The gas sample shall be taken at the same time and at the same traverse points as the particulate sample.
NR 440.45(6)(c)
(c) The owner or operator shall determine compliance with the particulate matter standard in
sub. (3) (a) 2. as follows:
NR 440.45(6)(c)1.
1. The emission rate (E) of particulate matter shall be computed for each run using the following equation:
E = cs Qsd/BLS
where:
E is the emission rate of particulate matter, g/kg (lb/ton) of BLS
cs is the concentration of particulate matter, g/dscm (lb/dscf)
Qsd is the volumetric flow rate of effluent gas, dscm/hr (dscf/hr)
BLS is the black liquor solids (dry weight) feed rate, kg/hr (ton/hr)
NR 440.45(6)(c)2.
2. Method 5 shall be used to determine the particulate matter concentration (c
s) and the volumetric flow rate (Q
sd) of the effluent gas. The sampling time and sample volume shall be at least 60 minutes and 0.90 dscm (31.8 dscf). Water shall be used instead of acetone in the sample recovery.
NR 440.45(6)(c)3.
3. Process data shall be used to determine the black liquor solids (BLS) feed rate on a dry weight basis.
NR 440.45(6)(d)1.
1. Method 16 shall be used to determine the TRS concentration. The TRS concentration shall be corrected to the appropriate oxygen concentration using the procedure in
sub. (5) (c) 3. The sampling time shall be at least 3 hours, but no longer than 6 hours.
NR 440.45(6)(d)2.
2. The emission rate correction factor, integrated sampling and analysis procedure of Method 3B shall be used to determine the oxygen concentration. The sample shall be taken over the same time period as the TRS samples.
NR 440.45(6)(d)3.
3. When determining whether a furnace is a straight kraft recovery furnace or a cross recovery furnace, TAPPI Method T624, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17, shall be used to determine sodium sulfide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate. These determinations shall be made 3 times daily from the green liquor, and the daily average values shall be converted to sodium oxide (Na
2O) and substituted into the following equation to determine the green liquor sulfidity: -
See PDF for diagram 
where:
GLS is the green liquor sulfidity, percent
where:
E is the emission rate of TRS, g/kg (lb/ton) of BLS or ADP
CTRS is the average combined concentration of TRS, ppm
F is the conversion factor, 0.001417 g H2S/m
3-ppm (8.846 10-8 lb H2S/ft3-ppm)
Qsd is the volumetric flow rate of stack gas, dscm/hr (dscf/hr)
P is the black liquor solids feed or pulp production rate, kg/hr (ton/hr)
NR 440.45(6)(e)3.
3. Method 2 shall be used to determine the volumetric flow rate (Q
sd) of the effluent gas.
NR 440.45(6)(e)4.
4. Process data shall be used to determine the black liquor feed rate or the pulp production rate (P).
NR 440.45(6)(f)
(f) The owner or operator may use the following as alternatives to the reference methods and procedures specified in this subsection:
NR 440.45(6)(f)1.
1. For Method 5, Method 17 may be used if a constant value of 0.009 g/dscm (0.004 gr/dscf) is added to the results of Method 17 and the stack temperature is no greater than 204
°C (400
°F).
NR 440.45 History
History: Cr.
Register, January, 1984, No. 337, eff. 2-1-84; cr. (4) (a) 1. f. and (6) (d) 5.,
Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; am. (1) (a) and (b), (2) (intro.) and (c), (3) (a) 2., (4) (a) 1. intro., d. and f., 2., 4. and 5., (5) (a) 2. intro., (b) 1., (a) (intro.), 3. intro. and b., (6) (d) 1., cr. (5) (c) 4., r. recr. (6) (d) 3.,
Register, September, 1990, No. 417, eff. 10-1-90; r, and recr. (6),
Register, July, 1993, No. 451, eff. 8-1-93
; correction in (6) (d) made under s. 13.93 (2m) (b) 7., Stats.,
Register, November, 1999, No. 527;
CR 06-109: am. (2) (f) and (o), (3) (a) 2., 3. a., (4) (a) 1. (intro.), a., b., c. and e., (5) (a) 2. b., (c) (intro.) and 3. and (d) 3. b., (6) (c) 1., (e) 1. and (f) 1. and 2., cr. (5) (f) Register May 2008 No. 629, eff. 6-1-08.
NR 440.46
NR 440.46 Glass manufacturing plants. NR 440.46(1)
(1)
Applicability and designation of affected facility. NR 440.46(1)(a)(a) Each glass melting furnace is an affected facility to which the provisions of this section apply.
NR 440.46(1)(b)
(b) Any facility under
par. (a) that commences construction or modification after June 15, 1979, is subject to the requirements of this section.
NR 440.46(1)(c)
(c) This section does not apply to hand glass melting furnaces, glass melting furnaces designed to produce less than 4.55 Mg (5 tons) of glass per day and all-electric melters.
NR 440.46(2)
(2) Definitions. As used in this section, terms not defined in this subsection have the meanings given in
s. NR 440.02, unless otherwise required by the context.
NR 440.46(2)(a)
(a) “All-electric melter" means a glass melting furnace in which all the heat required for melting is provided by electric current from electrodes submerged in the molten glass, although some fossil fuel may be charged to the furnace as raw material only.
NR 440.46(2)(c)
(c) “Container glass" means glass made of soda-lime recipe, clear or colored, which is pressed or blown, or both, into bottles, jars, ampoules and other products listed under SIC code 3221 in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17.
NR 440.46(2)(cm)
(cm) “Experimental furnace" means a glass melting furnace with the sole purpose of operating to evaluate glass melting processes, technologies, or glass products. An experimental furnace does not produce glass that is sold (except for further research and development purposes) or that is used as a raw material for nonexperimental furnaces.
NR 440.46(2)(d)
(d) “Flat glass" means glass made of soda-lime recipe and produced into continuous flat sheets and other products listed under SIC code 3211 in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17.
NR 440.46(2)(dm)
(dm) “Flow channels" means appendages used for conditioning and distributing molten glass to forming apparatuses and are a permanently separate source of emissions such that no mixing of emissions occurs with emissions from the melter cooling system prior to their being vented to the atmosphere.
NR 440.46(2)(e)
(e) “Glass melting furnace" means a unit comprising a refractory vessel in which raw materials are charged, melted at high temperature, refined and conditioned to produce molten glass. The unit includes foundations, superstructure and retaining walls, raw material charger systems, heat exchangers, melter cooling system, exhaust system, refractory brick work, fuel supply and electrical boosting equipment, integral control systems and instrumentation and appendages for conditioning and distributing molten glass to forming apparatuses. The forming apparatuses, including the float bath used in flat glass manufacturing and flow channels in wool fiberglass and textile manufacturing, are not considered part of the glass melting furnace.
NR 440.46(2)(f)
(f) “Glass produced" means the weight of the glass pulled from the glass melting furnace.
NR 440.46(2)(g)
(g) “Hand glass melting furnace" means a glass furnace where the molten glass is removed from the furnace by a glassworker using a blowpipe or a pontil.
NR 440.46(2)(h)
(h) “Lead recipe" means glass product composition of the following ranges of weight proportions: 50 to 50% silicon dioxide, 18 to 35% lead oxides, 5 to 20% total R
2O (e.g., Na
2O and K
2O), 0 to 8% total R
2O
3 (e.g., -
See PDF for diagram ), 0 to 15% total RO (e.g., CaO, MgO), other than lead oxide, and 5 to 10% other oxides.
NR 440.46(2)(i)
(i) “Pressed and blown glass" means glass which is pressed, blown, or both, including textile fiberglass, noncontinuous flat glass, noncontainer glass and other products listed under SIC code 3229 in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, incorporated by reference in
s. NR 440.17. It is separated into glass of borosilicate recipe, glass of soda-lime and lead recipes, glass of opal, fluoride and other recipes.
